On August 26, 2020, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) announced the establishment of five National Quantum Information Science Research Centers with planned funding of up to $625 million over five years. The centers were authorized under the National Quantum Initiative Act.
Each center was led by a DOE national laboratory: the Co-design Center for Quantum Advantage (Brookhaven), Q-NEXT (Argonne), the Quantum Science Center (Oak Ridge), the Quantum Systems Accelerator (Lawrence Berkeley), and the Superconducting Quantum Materials and Systems Center (Fermilab). The centers incorporated collaborative teams spanning national laboratories, universities, and private companies across multiple scientific and engineering disciplines.